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Momentum trading and momentum indicators are based on the idea that strong price movements in a particular direction are a good sign that a price trend will continue in that direction for some time.
Similarly, weakening movements indicate that a trend has lost strength and could be headed for a reversal.
Momentum strategies may take into account both price and volume, and often use visual analysis tools like oscillators and candlestick charts.
Range trading is a simple and popular strategy based on the idea that prices often hold within a steady and predictable range for a given period of time. It’s most effective in markets with stable and predictable economies, and currencies that aren’t often subject to surprise news events.
Range traders rely on being able to frequently buy and sell at predictable highs and lows of resistance and support, sometimes repeatedly over one or more trading sessions.
Range traders may use some of the same tools as trend traders to identify opportune trade entry and exit levels, including the relative strength index, the commodity channel index and stochastics.
Trend trading is another popular and common forex trading strategy. It’s also easy for beginners to understand and follow.
The technique involves identifying an upward or downward trend in a currency price movement and then choosing trade entry and exit points. These points are based on the positioning of the currency’s price within the trend, as well as the trend’s relative strength.
Trend traders use many different tools to evaluate trends, such as moving averages, relative strength indicators, volume measurements, directional indices and stochastics.
In fundamental analysis, traders look at a country’s economic fundamentals to try to understand whether a currency is undervalued or overvalued. They also use the information to try to get a view on how its value is likely to move relative to another currency in future.
Fundamental analysis can be complex, involving the many elements of a country’s economic data that can indicate future trade and investment trends. It can be simplified by concentrating on a few major indicators.
Some of the most important factors that can affect a country’s economy – and its currency – include: retail sales, GDP, industrial production, CPI, inflation, purchasing managers index data, housing data and more.
Carry trade is a type of forex trading whereby traders look to profit by taking advantage of interest rate differentials between countries. It is important to note that while popular, it can, however, be risky.
This strategy works because currencies bought and held overnight will pay a trader the interbank interest rate (of the country of which the currency was bought). A trader executing carry trade “borrows from” a low interest rate currency to fund the purchase of a currency that provides a higher rate.
A trader using this strategy wants to profit from the difference between the rates, which can be substantial depending on the amount of leverage used.
Carry trade is one of the most popular trading strategies in the forex market, but this trading style can be risky; these trades are often highly leveraged and can be overcrowded.
Common trading pairs include Australian dollar/Japanese yen and New Zealand dollar/Japanese yen because the interest rate spreads of these currency pairs are very high.
If you’re interested in the maths, the daily interest from a carry trade can be calculated as follows: Daily interest = [IR (long currency) – IR (short currency)]/ 365 x notional value.
Moving average (MA) is a simple technical analysis tool that smooths out price data by creating a constantly updated average price. That average can be taken over different periods of time – anything from 20 minutes, to three days, to 30 weeks or any other time period a trader chooses.
Moving average strategies are very popular and can be tailored to any time frame, suiting both long-term investors and short-term traders.
A common reason to create a moving average is to identify trend direction, as well as determining support and resistance levels.
When asset prices cross over their moving averages, it often generates a trading signal for technical traders. For example, a trader might sell when a price bounces off or crosses the MA from above – in order to close below the moving average.
Simple price crossovers
Price crossovers are one of the main moving average trading strategies. A simple price crossover happens when a price crosses above or below a moving average, signaling a potential change in trend.
Using two moving averages
Other trading techniques use two moving averages: one longer and one shorter. When the shorter-term MA crosses above the longer-term MA, it’s a buy signal, as it indicates that the trend is shifting up. This is known as a “golden cross.”
On the other hand, when the shorter-term MA crosses below the longer-term MA, it’s a sell signal, as it indicates that the trend is shifting down. This is known as a “dead cross” or “death cross.”
Breakout trading is one of the simplest forex trading styles, making it a good choice for beginners. Before we look at how it works, let’s define the term “breakout”.
Put simply, a “breakout” is any price movement outside a defined support or resistance area. Breakouts can occur when prices increase above resistance areas, known as “bullish” breakout patterns. They can also happen when prices decrease below support areas, known as “bearish” breakout patterns.
The reason breakout trading is an important strategy is because breakouts often represent the start of increased market volatility. By waiting for a break in a price level, we can use volatility to our advantage by joining a new trend as it begins.
With breakout trades, the goal is to enter the market when the price makes a breakout move and then continue to ride the trade until volatility dies down.
But when, exactly, should you enter the market?
Some forex pros advise diving in the moment a support or resistance level is breached. Others suggest waiting just long enough to ensure that the breakout does in fact signal a true up or down trend.
When placing your stop loss, place it just above or below the breakout candle, at a minimum. This will help tie your bets to previous support or resistance levels.
When choosing your strategy, you should answer the question: how frequently do I want to open positions? If you are looking to open a higher number of positions then you should focus on a scalping trading strategy.
On the other hand, traders that tend to spend more time and resources on analyzing macroeconomic reports and fundamental factors are likely to spend less time in front of charts. Therefore, their preferred trading strategy is based on higher time frames and bigger positions.
Choosing a time frame that suits your trading style is very important. For a trader, there’s a huge difference between trading on a 15-min chart and a weekly chart. If you are leaning more towards becoming a scalper, a trader that aims to benefit from smaller market moves, then you should focus on the lower time frames e.g. from 1-min to 15-min charts.
On the other hand, swing traders are likely to use a 4-hour chart, as well as a daily chart, to generate profitable trading opportunities. Hence, before you choose your preferred trading strategy, make sure you answer the question: how long do I want to stay in a trade?
Varying time periods (long, medium, and short-term) correspond to different trading strategies.
The market will get volatile when it opens each day and while experienced day traders may be able to read the patterns and profit, you should bide your time. So hold back for the first 15 minutes, you’ve still got hours ahead.